Cold Hardiness of Cold Climate Interspecific Hybrid Grapevines Grown in a Cold Climate Region

Factors Affecting Cold Hardiness in Grapevines

Health in a cold climate.

British economy is edging out of a severe economic recession, during which the future of international financial systems seemed in doubt. The scale of debt is comparable to that following the Second World War, and national borrowing is predicted to reach 80% of gross domestic product by 2013. We have suffered a permanent loss in national output of 6–7%. The inevitable reduction in funding for p...

Plants in a cold climate.

Plants are able to survive prolonged exposure to sub-zero temperatures; this ability is enhanced by pre-exposure to low, but above-zero temperatures. This process, known as cold acclimation, is briefly reviewed from the perception of cold, through transduction of the low-temperature signal to functional analysis of cold-induced gene products. The stresses that freezing of apoplastic water impos...

Cold Climate Conditions

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Integrated care in a cold climate

Following a global recession, public services in many countries are preparing themselves for the worst in terms of future public spending. In the UK (which seems worse hit than many), the potential cuts are substantial. After year-on-year funding increases to bring England closer to European levels of health care spending, the National Health Service now faces the very real prospect of active c...